Math & Random

The Math module provides a collection of mathematical functions, constants, and a geometry class implemented directly in Aegis.

Import: import "stdlib/math.aeg"

Constants

The module exposes common mathematical constants.

Constant	Value	Description
`Math.PI`	`3.14159...`	Ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.
`Math.TAU`	`6.28318...`	Equal to `2 * PI`.
`Math.E`	`2.71828...`	Euler's number.

Basic Utilities

Helper functions for everyday logic.

Function	Description
`Math.abs(n)`	Returns the absolute (positive) value of `n`.
`Math.max(a, b)`	Returns the larger of two numbers.
`Math.min(a, b)`	Returns the smaller of two numbers.
`Math.is_even(n)`	Returns `true` if `n` is even.
`Math.is_odd(n)`	Returns `true` if `n` is odd.

Arithmetic & Algebra

Advanced calculation functions.

Power & Roots

Math.pow(base, exp): Calculates base raised to the power of exp.
Math.sqrt(n): Calculates the square root of n using the Newton-Raphson approximation method.
- Note: Returns -1 if n is negative.

Number Theory

Math.gcd(a, b): Calculates the Greatest Common Divisor using the Euclidean algorithm.
Math.lcm(a, b): Calculates the Least Common Multiple.

print Math.pow(2, 3)  // 8
print Math.sqrt(16)   // 4
print Math.gcd(12, 18) // 6

Trigonometry

Functions to handle angles and waves. These implementations use Taylor Series approximations.

Math.sin(x): Sine of x (in radians).
Math.cos(x): Cosine of x (in radians).
Math.tan(x): Tangent of x (in radians).

Conversions

Math.to_radians(deg): Converts degrees to radians.
Math.to_degrees(rad): Converts radians to degrees.

var angle = Math.to_radians(90)
print Math.sin(angle) // ~1.0

Random Module

The Random module provides utilities for generating random numbers and selecting items from collections.

Import: import "stdlib/random.aeg"

Number Generation

Function	Description
`Random.int(min, max)`	Returns a random integer where `min` is inclusive and `max` is exclusive.
`Random.float()`	Returns a random floating-point number between `0.0` and `1.0`.

Collections

Function	Description
`Random.choice(list)`	Returns a random element from the provided `list`. Returns `null` if the list is empty.

Example

import "stdlib/random.aeg"

// 1. Roll a die (1 to 6)
var dice = Random.int(1, 7)
print "Dice roll: " + dice

// 2. Random probability
if (Random.float() < 0.5) {
    print "Heads!"
} else {
    print "Tails!"
}

// 3. Pick a winner
var players = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"]
var winner = Random.choice(players)
print "The winner is: " + winner

The Aegis Book